What is Hyaluronic Acid?

Hyaluronic acid is a naturally occurring substance found throughout the human body, especially in the skin, connective tissues, and eyes. It plays a vital role in retaining moisture and cushioning joints. While the body produces it naturally, factors such as aging and environmental stress can reduce its levels over time, which has led to the development of topical and injectable formulations in the skincare and medical industries.

At the molecular level, hyaluronic acid is a glycosaminoglycan — a long, unbranched polysaccharide composed of repeating units of N-acetylglucosamine and glucuronic acid. Its unique structure allows it to bind and retain large amounts of water — up to 1,000 times its weight — making it one of the most effective natural hydrators. Its hydrophilic nature contribute to its viscoelastic properties, meaning it can function both as a viscous fluid and an elastic solid, depending on the environment. These characteristics are what give hyaluronic acid its plumping and smoothing effects in skin treatments.

In skincare, hyaluronic acid is prized for its hydrating and anti-aging properties. When applied topically, it helps draw moisture into the skin and create a protective barrier to prevent water loss. This results in a moisturized, firm, and youthful-looking complexion. It is suitable for all skin types, including sensitive and acne-prone skin, due to its gentle and non-comedogenic nature. Additionally, it is often used in serums, moisturizers, and dermal fillers to help reduce the appearance of fine lines and improve skin elasticity. Its versatility and effectiveness have made it a cornerstone ingredient in modern skincare routines.